May 29, 2008

Childproofing manual arrives in time for summer

Chicago Tribune

Consumer Reports has published its “Consumer Reports Guide to Childproofing and Safety” with 600 safety tips by CR editors and co-author Jamie Schaefer-Wilson.

Intended to help parents sort through the madness of daily safety concerns, the guide begins in the nursery and travels through the main rooms of every home before heading outdoors into the back yard, and finally to the car and the pleasures and pitfalls of life outdoors. Topics include: “Is Your Sitter Safety Savvy?”and “Everyday Objects That Can Harm Your Child.”

Highlights will be featured in Consumer Reports’ online child safety hub at ConsumerReports.org/childsafety.

The guide retails for $12.95 and is available through a variety of book selle

May 23, 2008

In Father’s Day cards, Dad is a lout

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By HILLARY RHODES
Associated Press Writer

Fathers sleep a lot, and they snore loudly. When they’re awake, they like to fish or golf, but they’re comically bad at both. They drink so much beer they’re practically alcoholics, and they’re complete couch potatoes, always watching television and hogging the remote.

At least, that’s the less-than-favorable image of Dad on Father’s Day greeting cards. It’s a striking contrast to the poetic praise often expressed at Mother’s Day. Many men say they are tired of the “put-down” cards and would like some affirmation for a change -- and at least one greeting-card company is listening.

One father in Washington, D.C., who used to stay home with his kids and blog about his life as an at-home father, says the golf and fishing cards don’t bother him, but he doesn’t like the ones that make dads look incompetent.

“This idea that men are somehow biologically incapable of caring for their children is the sort of thing that I don’t find particularly funny,” said Brian Reid, father of two.

Not only greeting cards, but television and movies often convey the idea that Dad is unreliable with every parental duty from changing a diaper to picking the kids up at school, he says.

Greeting cards can be a good litmus test for the way society perceives various relationships and people. Companies want to sell cards, so they aim to hit a spark of truth. But generalizing in order to reach people can lead to stereotypes that then get perpetuated and take on a life of their own.

In an age where about 159,000 dads stay home with their children, according to 2006 U.S. Census numbers, it’s hardly accurate to say that dads don’t know what they’re doing.

One Hallmark card at a Stop & Shop this season showed a cartoon depiction of “When dads pack lunches.”

In the picture, some kids are eating lunch together, and one says, “Looks like I got a peanut butter and salami sandwich and a can of WD-40.”

There you go: the stereotypical incompetent (and tool-obsessed) father.

But our culture might be headed away from that and offering credit to both units in the parental pack. Hallmark says it is offering more positive cards this year.

“Men have told us they would like to feel a little more appreciated,” said spokeswoman Deidre Parkes. “That doesn’t mean you can’t give your dad a funny Father’s Day card, but it can be maybe complimentary humor rather than a negative card.”

Reid calls making fun of incompetent fathers “this comic idea that’s run its course.” He mentioned a 2005 NBC show that bombed called “Meet Mr. Mom.”

The reality series depicted how a family dealt with the mother going away when the father is left alone with the children.

Reid said it didn’t work because it wasn’t particularly funny, extraordinary or otherwise television-worthy to see dads spend time with and take care of their kids. It’s nothing new, these days.

Men who have children are getting tired of the often negative media portrayal of fathers, some say.

“They’re either dumb, dangerous or disaffected,” said Roland Warren, president of the National Fatherhood Initiative, a nonpartisan, not-for-profit group based in Gaithersburg, Md.

While absentee fatherhood is still a very large issue, the dads who are involved tend to be more committed and taking a more hands-on approach than they might have experienced with their own fathers growing up, Warren said.

Fathers increasingly want to see the value of their role reflected in the media, he said. They have taken on more of the homecare and childcare as more women have joined the work force, so their contribution at home takes on greater weight in their minds. Is it so much to ask for a flattering card?

Indeed, the greeting card industry might be getting the hint. A recent trip down a greeting card aisle found one reporter hard-pressed to find many insulting Father’s Day cards.

Sure, there was the one that said, “Celebrate Father’s Day with a beer in one hand ... and a beer in the other hand.” And there were at least two that implied Dad is married to the remote control.

But other than the small handful of “put-down” cards, most Father’s Day greetings were thoughtful, appreciative and often quite mushy.

“I love you just like I did when I was little ... only now I appreciate you even more,” reads one.

Another new Hallmark card with comedian Chris Rock carries the greeting, “Nobody ever says, ’Hey, Daddy, thanks for knocking out the rent. I sure love this hot water. It’s easy to read with all this light.’”

This Father’s Day remember: Dads are people, too. Choose your card wisely.

May 15, 2008

Cool tools for Dad

By MORRIS and JAMES CAREY
Associated Press

Whether you’ve got a handy man, a gadget freak or a dad with dreams of DIY, there are plenty of cool tools to add to his arsenal. Here are five Father’s Day favorites:

FOLD AWAY WORK BENCH

If your home is like ours, available space is at a premium. This folding workbench and tool storage center is a well built gadget, as space-efficient as a workshop can get. Heavy steel brackets are used to mount a real butcher block bench top at any height you like. Once mounted it provides a full 60-inch wide by 24-inch deep work surface that folds down and out of the way when not in use.

An accompanying tool storage center is made of heavy plastic with a “slat board” design -- more versatile than old-fashioned peg board. For about $550, the kit includes the work bench and tool center and a package of assorted slat board hooks and tool holders.
Source: www.2BenchSolution.com

POCKET SCREWDRIVER
This miniature screwdriver is about the size of a half dollar and it has 4 blades. And get this-- it's sold as a key-chain fob. The inventor added a special twist that makes his tool more useful than all of the other multi-tip screwdrivers that we've ever seen. Tips include a typical No. 2 Phillips head and a standard straight blade. But, this is where the pocket screwdriver gets different the other two tips are “teeny-weenie” sized straight-blade and Phillips blades that can be used for repairing eye glasses, jewelry and other small items. It's simple, it's inexpensive, it's useful and it sells for under $3.
Source: www.advantekmarketing.com

4-POD FAUX LEATHER CHARGING STATION

For gadget fiends, we discovered a neat little gadget that doubles as a Father's Day gift and as a housekeeping problem solver. The charging station is nothing more than a sharp looking faux-leather container that conceals your plug strip, chargers and wires while it cradles up to four items for charging. Dad will love having all of his gadgets in one place and you will love not having to look at all of the wires and a big mess. The price is right too, at only $20.
Source: cableorganizer.com

COMBINATION FRAMING SQUARE-LEVEL

It's really cool when someone comes up with a new twist on a couple of old tools. This one is a combination framing square and a level. What makes this even cooler is that it was invented and is being marketed and sold by women. The tool is not only sturdy, it's lightweight too. It's available in several useful sizes up to and including that of a full size carpenter's square.
Source: www.levelbest2.com

FOREARM FORKLIFT

When it comes to moving furniture, back injury can be a serious problem. This gadget was invented by a professional furniture mover who told us that he wanted to be able to move large pieces of furniture without risking back injury and without damaging expensive flooring like tile and hardwood. When we first saw this new tool, two women were carrying a large breakfront and they weren't even straining. No dolly, no cart, nothing except a couple of six-foot long by three-inch wide nylon straps.

Simply lay the straps onto the floor in the shape of an “X” beneath the furniture to be moved. The two people who will be carrying the furniture will each place each of their arms through the arm holes at the ends of the straps. Stand up, lift and move the furniture. It couldn't be more simple and it costs under $30.
Source: www.forearmforklift.com

For more home improvement tips and information and for an opportunity to win part of $10,000 in prizes during our great backyard giveaway, visit our Web site at www.onthehouse.com or call our listener hot line 24/7 at 1-800-737-2474 (ext 59).

May 12, 2008

Teens and the internet

Hundreds of Heads


Raising a teen? Here’s some advice on your teen’s internet usage from the book “How to Survive Your Teenager” (Hundreds of Heads Books, www.hundredsofheads.com, $13.95), straight from people who’ve done it:

“I do not censor the internet or any other part of life. My children have very good judgment and quite a bit of wisdom. I discovered that my daughter had been reading erotica on the Web (I had to laugh at this) and I know my son has looked at ‘those’ sorts of pictures. Filtering these things out would just mean that if they wanted to find it they’d have to go elsewhere. It doesn’t really keep children from objectionable materials. I firmly believe that growing up involves learning to set your own limits. If a person can’t learn how to do that, he will have big trouble in life.”
-- G.B., Los Angeles, parent of a daughter, 21, and son, 14

“With so many young men in the house, we have strict computer rules and we use filters. The family computer is out in the family room where everyone can see the monitor. We don’t allow computers in the bedrooms. We don’t allow the computer on if neither Dad nor I are home. We closely monitor the history of Web sites visited and we check over his shoulder when our son is using the Instant Messenger. We have a password to his e-mail and we randomly check his e-mail account.”
-- Cindy Prescher, Redmond, Ore., mother of four sons ages 25, 22, 19 and 15

“My son is in front of the computer too much, in my opinion. It’s tough, because we do not live in a neighborhood where there are kids, and his options are limited for free time. I tried to filter the Internet, but the program I installed caused more problems than ever. Luckily for us, he is into sports more than porn, so the great majority of his time online (to my knowledge) is playing sports games.”
-- Toby Lynn, Atlanta, Ga., parent of a 14-year-old son

“We did not allow our teens to have computers in their bedrooms. Our family computer sat in the middle of the living room so that they wouldn’t be tempted to bring up a picture they wouldn’t want others to see. One stepson spent time in a chat room. Although he was just 14, he claimed to be 25 and would be ‘honored to be the father of your children.’ He told the young woman that he was going to Nebraska to visit an aunt the next month, and would meet her there. How did I know what he was doing? I opened the cache in Netscape afterwards . . . and read every word that he typed.
-- Diane Evans, Renton, Wash., mother of five sons, ages 30, 28, 26, 26 and 25

“Computers are part of life now, and not an issue. When she was younger, I had parental controls put on her AOL account and discussed online safety with her. When she was 18, I lifted the controls, confident that she had learned responsible computer use.”
-- Angie Mangino, Staten Island, N.Y., mother to two sons 25 and 27 and a 19-year-old daughter

“My daughter has a friend she talks to on the internet. they met about a year ago at a state softball tournament. He looks exactly like Harry Potter. His e-mail address is written next to the computer for all to see. There’s nothing hidden. We have a laptop on the dining room table. If you write something someone shouldn’t see, everyone will see it.”
-- Chip Norton, Washougal, Wash., father of a 13-year-old daughter

Hundreds of Heads Books’ survival guides offer the wisdom of the masses by assembling the experiences and advice of hundreds of people who have gone through life’s biggest challenges and have insight to share. Visit www.hundredsofheads.com to share your advice or get more information.

May 5, 2008

Insider's guide to theme parks

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By NANCY POSTER for Smart

The anticipation can be heard in Roger Baumgarten’s voice.
The 47-year-old Mechanicsburg father of two boys can’t wait to board Fahrenheit, the roller coaster set to debut at Hersheypark this season.
Baumgarten knows coasters. And he knows amusement parks. He’s been a season pass holder at Hersheypark for about 10 years.
So when it comes to giving advice to first-time or even occasional park visitors, Baumgarten is a pro.

TIPS:
• Head to the back. When he goes to Hersheypark with his 10- and 12-year-old sons, they make a beeline for Lightning Racer, one of the park’s 11 coasters, which is closer to the back.
“Our sense is that people tend to go to the (rides) up front,” said Baumgarten, adding the “back corners take a while to fill up.”

• Get there late. The Baumgartens often visit Hersheypark during the evenings when it’s cooler and possible to ride a coaster, get back in line, and make a second trip.
“It’s a great time to be there,” he said.
Dutch Wonderland in Lancaster offers a discounted Twilight Pass three hours before closing, when crowds are thinning and temperatures cooling.
A similar Twilight Admission plan is available at Sesame Place for guests who enter after 2 p.m. when the park is open until 5 and 6 p.m., or after 4 p.m. when the park is open until 8 p.m.

• Prioritize. Another key to a great park experience for young children is to prioritize, advises Rhonda Clements, a past president of the American Association for the Child’s Right to Play and professor of education at Manhattanville College in Purchase, N.Y.
Speaking on behalf of Sesame Place in Langhorne, which is based on “Sesame Street,” Clements said parents should choose priorities, just in case there isn’t time in one day to do it all.

• Pack supplies. If there’s a threat of rain, bring rain gear.
Sesame Place urges guests who plan to take in the water rides first to wear bathing suits under clothing and bring a second outfit for later. Remember to pack water shoes, towels, a change of clothes and even two bathing suits.
Baumgarten suggests those people who wear glasses should bring straps to secure their spectacles so they won’t lose them on the more aggressive thrill rides.
And don’t forget a camera.

• Plan ahead. Many theme parks have Web sites that detail events going on at the park and offer maps to download.

• Find out special offers. Dutch Wonderland offers a preview plan, in which guests can buy a full-price ticket for the next day three hours prior to closing and then enter the park for free.

Hersheypark’s similar plan kicks in 2 ½ hours prior to the park’s closing.

With the ticket stamped “preview,” guests can spend the rest of the evening “getting the lay of the land” and planning the next day’s visit, said Jay Robertson, Hersheypark’s director of safety and security.

• Remember safety. Plans for a day at the park go beyond the rides and shows.

If families decide to divide and conquer the park, be sure to pick a meeting place. And make sure everyone is carrying a watch. Whenever possible, older children and adults should carry a cell phone. Two-way radios are an option for younger children.
If that’s not possible, tuck a piece of paper with your cell phone number in your child’s pocket, Robertson said. That should quickly aid in connecting parents with lost kids.
Hersheypark’s water park attraction, the Boardwalk, gives children a wristband on which is written parents’ cell phone numbers.
At Dutch Wonderland, officials suggest riding the Kingdom Coaster before the day’s largest meal. While all the park’s rides are rated mild, small tummies can get queasy on the bigger rides.
And while there are shady spots in most amusement parks, it’s a good idea to pack sunscreen. Don’t ruin the day with a sunburn. And stay hydrated by drinking lots of water.

• Plan for downtime. Even Hersheypark happy kids get grumpy — and so do their folks. Take a break from the rides by checking out other attractions, such as ZooAmerica, the Hershey Museum or Hershey’s Chocolate World.
At Sesame Place, take in a show in an air-conditioned studio, check out the Rock Around the Block Parade as it travels through the park, or burn energy in the shaded playground area.
At Dutch Wonderland, catch the diving show or the park’s new live entertainment show, Thomas & Friends Live.

Dutch Wonderland • Where: 2249 Lincoln Highway East, Lancaster • For details: (866) 386-FUNatDW, www.dutchwonderland.com • Admission plans: $29.95 for ages 3-59; $24.95 for ages 60-69; $17.95 for 70 and older; free for ages 2 and under; $95 season pass for ages 3-59, $80 season pass for ages 60 and older. • New in 2008: Thomas & Friends Live at Dutch Wonderland; Beyond the Castle Walls, a storytelling show based on the children’s book; and renovated Duke’s Lagoon water play area.

Hersheypark
• Where: 100 W. Hersheypark Drive, Hershey
• Phone: (800) HERSHEY
• On the Web: www.hersheypark.com
• Admission plans: $47.95 for ages 9-54, $28.95 for ages 3 to 8 and ages 55-69, $19.95 for ages 70 and older, free for ages 2 and younger; $125 season pass for ages 3-8 and 55 and older; $135 season pass for ages 9 to 54
• New in 2008: Roller coaster Fahrenheit and Howler, a ride that allows riders to spin their cars to create their own ride experience.

Sesame Place
• Where: 100 Sesame Road, Langhorne
• Phone: (866) GO-4-ELMO
• On the Web: www.sesameplace.com
• Admission plans: $47.50 for ages 2 to 55, $42.50 for ages 55 and older, free for ages 23 months and younger; Season pass: $74.50
• New in 2008: The Sunny Day Carousel


May 3, 2008

Get your bicycle ready to roll

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By NANCY POSTER for Smart

Cold weather has kept you off your bike and off the trails. But now it’s time to get pedaling and start exploring the countryside.
Before you set out, however, take a few minutes to give your bike a quick once over.

• Start with the tires, said Ed Brandt, owner of Adventure Cycling & Fitness on West Market Street in York.
“Bikes that have been sitting all winter should have the tires aired out,” he said. Look for cracks, cuts or punctures that could cause a problem down the road.
• Next, grab the bike’s wheels to check for any movement from side to side.
“That would indicate a loose wheel bearing,” he said.
And that would require a bicycle dealer to adjust.
Riders should also spin the wheels to look for loose spokes, and they should keep their eyes open for other parts of the bike that may not be tight.
• Now, check the chain. Use bicycle chain lubricant, being careful not to get into the gears.
“Do not use motor oil or WD-40,” Brandt said. “Both attract too much dirt.”
• Look at the bike’s bottom bracket, which is the area to which the pedals are attached.
“The crank arm — the arms that hold the pedals — should not move from side to side,” he said. “If it does, then that needs to be adjusted, also.”
• Clean it up. Once the bike is inspected, tightened and lubed, give it a good cleaning with anything that can be used to wash a car. Take the nozzle off the hose before you spray or rinse.
“Don’t use high pressure or it will drive water into the bearings,” Brandt said.
• Check out your own gear. Make sure your helmet’s in good condition and not cracked. The helmet’s foam interior is designed to absorb an impact, but it only works once. Over time with sunlight, chemicals in the air, or even perspiration, that foam gets brittle and might no longer absorb impact.
An average-priced helmet costs about $40. It should have good ventilation, good adjustment and it should provide good protection.
Riders might also consider wearing padded gloves. They’re good protection in a fall and they make riding more comfortable.
The same holds true for kids. A helmet and gloves should be all the protection they need unless they’re more daring and testing their skills on ramps. Then, youngsters should use knee pads, elbow pads and even full-face helmets.
Brandt also recommends cyclists who choose to ride on roads use a flasher that attaches to the seat post. They should also use a mirror, whether riding on a road or on a trail.
• Plan ahead. Think about what could go wrong on a ride.
If you’re riding further from your house than you’d want to walk back, carry gear to fix a flat, Brandt said.
With regular maintenance, Brandt said a bicycle can last as long as 20 years. That’s if a cyclist isn’t enticed by what’s new to the market.
“You can’t just buy and not expect to do anything with it,” he said. “Usually people will see something they want that’s new. Bikes get lighter every year and light transfers into easier to pedal.”

Bike checkup For extra assurance that you and your bicycle are trail ready, head to the York County Department of Parks and Recreation safety check, 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. June 1 at the Hanover Junction Train Station along Heritage Rail Trail County Park. Another safety check will be 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. June 29 at the New Freedom Train Station. Park rangers and ambassadors will examine bicycles and make sure helmets are a good fit. The free inspection takes about 10 minutes. If you don't have a helmet, pick one up there for $8. For details, call 840-7440.

Tips for teaching
• Be sure the child is wearing a helmet and his clothing is protective and not too loose. Jeans and a sweatshirt are ideal.
• Find a safe learning place. A field with hard-packed grass is ideal; an asphalt basketball court surrounded by grass or a quiet cul-de-sac are also good options. There should be plenty of open space, flat ground and no traffic.
• Get the child onto the bike and pedaling. Walk alongside the child and ask him to think about balancing between the two training wheels on the wheels of the bike alone. Explain that the training wheels will be removed eventually.
• Remove the training wheels when the child is totally comfortable with riding the bike with them.
— www.ehow.com

Good biking trails

Heritage Rail Trail County Park is a 21-mile trail from the Mason-Dixon Line near New Freedom through Glen Rock, Hanover Junction and Seven Valleys to the City of York. For details, call 840-7440.

William H. Kain County Park has about 15 miles of trails around Lake Williams and Lake Redman in Jacobus. For details, call 840-7440.

Rocky Ridge County Park in Springettsbury Township has about 15 miles of trails. For details, call 840-7440.

Codorus State Park in Hanover has 6.5 miles of trails on the northern shore of the park. For details, call 637-2816.

Spring Valley County Park in New Freedom has about 6.5 miles of trails. For details, call 840-7440.

Patapsco Valley (Md.) State Park, in Ellicott City, Md., has more than 20 miles of trails. For details, call (410) 461-5005.

May 2, 2008

Don't wait for one-on-one time, plan for it

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BIL BOWDEN for Smart

Diane Sargeant, director of Education Services for Wellspan, tries to keep the radio and cell phone off while carpooling her teenage son around town, taking advantage of the time together to reconnect.


By NANCY POSTER for Smart

Life can be a balancing act for working parents as they juggle on-the-job duties with caring for their home and family.
Add to the mix a hefty dose of guilt that afflicts many parents who wish they could carve out more one-on-one time with their kids.
What’s a mom and dad to do?

“We do find a lot of parents asking that question,” said Desiree Irvin, Outreach Coordinator for Family-Child Resources in York.
For nearly 35 years, the organization has provided education, counseling, prevention and intervention services and programs to the community.
As a mother who works outside the home, Irvin said, she also wonders how to find those all-too-precious moments.
She suggests parents set aside a family night that doesn’t involve the use of the television or other electronics. However, that connection doesn’t have to be made at home.
“Just carve out some special time to go to a bookstore or library together,” said Diane Sargeant, the director of Education Services for Wellspan. “Hang out and read.”
Families can also connect over a meal.
Busy parents are often too tired to spend much time in the kitchen, so take the child to a restaurant for some one-on-one time.
Or, try making dinner together at home. There are lots of recipes for children to make with mom and dad, she said.
And why not ask the kids to join mom and dad in doing household chores?
“Absolutely,” Irvin said. “It builds self-esteem and self-confidence.”
Travel time — commuting to school or day care or simply running errands — also can be put to better use by turning off the radio and cell phone. Just use the time to talk to your child, Irvin said.
And when it’s necessary to bring work home from the office, take a moment to explain to the child that you have a project that needs to be completed. In turn, tell the child that you’re setting some family time aside.
During that time, try treating yourselves to a picnic lunch or simply brown-bag it, Irvin said.
Sargeant, who conducts work-life balance classes for the staff at Wellspan, said parents should take a three-pronged approach to finding one-on-one time with their kids.
• Plan it. Don’t leave family time to chance. It just won’t happen.
• Don’t over-commit.
• Follow through.
“Don’t promise, then let other things stand in the way,” Sargeant said.

Some chores 2- to 3-year-olds can do with mom and dad • Help make the bed. • Help feed pets. • Dust with socks on their hands. Some chores for ages 4 and 5: • Help clear and set the table. • Help cook and prepare food. • Help carry and put away groceries.

Some chores for ages 6 to 8:
• Take care of pets.
• Help take out trash.

Some chores for ages 9 to 12:
• Help fold and put away the laundry.
• Help wash the car.
• Rake leaves.
Source: About.com

Smart Shots summer photo contest

Only two weeks left! Submit your photos by July 15!

Keep the camera near, and enter images of your children having fun in the sun into our Smart Shots photo contest.

We'll pick three photographs to win gift certificates to local businesses - $100 from Brown's Orchards and Farm Market, $75 from Cloister Car Washes and $50 from Roosevelt Tavern in York.

The grand-prize winner also will get a chance to be our cover model for an upcoming issue.


Click here to enter: http://ydr.mycapture.com/mycapture/photos/Album.aspx?EventID=508082&CategoryID=38848

Follow the link to the reader submission gallery and click on "Submit a photo."

Deadline for entries is July 15. Include your name, the names of those pictured and the municipality in which you live.

Need a guide to getting a great shot?

T.h.e. B.e.s.t. R.i.c.e. are 11 steps for good composition.

Spend some time with a camera and take plenty of pictures. Build your own list.

T. 360 degree rule: When looking at a possible subject of a picture, try to imagine it from every angle, walk all the way around it -- 360 degrees. This can mean time, too. Imagine the subject being shot in the morning, afternoon or late at night.

h. Human interest: The old man with plenty of character lines and a personality we can feel; the little girl cuddling her kitten. These are the pictures that "grab" us for no good reason other than emotion.

e. Expression: A graduation picture, empty of anything but solemn faces, stands little chance of being noticed. Put a grin, scream, tear or laugh on one or all those faces, and bingo, it's a winner.

B. Balance: Generally, a face, runner, boat or anything suggesting direction should be facing into the picture.

e. Entrance and exit: This is the "old farm road leading into the barn" picture we've seen in the art shops. It's a road, river, sidewalk, step, fence or footprints that take us right into the main center of interest.

s. Simplicity: Don't try to get everything in the picture. The simpler we keep the picture, the easier it is to view. Generally, the less in the picture, the better it is. Especially when it comes to people.

t. Thirds, rule of: Divide a film frame into thirds both horizontally and vertically. The intersections of those lines are strong places to put the photograph's subject.

R. Rhythm and repetition: Utility poles, fences, people, cars or other objects lined up to give a design make interesting pictures.

i. Interest, center of: A pretty scene can be an eye-catcher at first. But it loses appeal after the eye wanders from point to point if the photo has nothing on which to anchor itself.

c. Contrast: We're not talking merely black and white, but also big and small, tall and short, fat and thin, dry and wet, pretty and ugly, hot and cold.

e. Eye-level syndrome: This is a photo fault that shows every picture at our eye level. Bend down or climb a step or two to get away from everyone's normal point of view.